The study, by researchers at the National Women’s Law Center, an advocacy group based in Washington, D.C., examined health coverage exclusions in marketplace plans offered by 109 insurers in 16 states in 2014 and 2015.

The health law requires insurers to provide a general summary of benefits and coverage for every plan that states whether the plan excludes coverage of 13 specific services, including acupuncture, bariatric surgery and infertility treatment.

These coverage summaries, which are no longer than eight pages, are easy to read and available online or in paper form. But other services that aren’t in the summary documents may be excluded as well, although they may be hard for consumers to find because they appear in the detailed plan coverage materials. Health plans must provide a link from the online summary to those documents, which can be quite technical and run dozens of pages.

Reviewing these detailed documents, researchers identified six types of excluded services that could have a disproportionate impact on women’s health care, although many of them also apply to men. The excluded services included:

• Treatment for conditions that result from non-covered services, for example, if you get an infection following cosmetic surgery (42 percent of plans).
• Maintenance therapy for a chronic disease or other care that prevents regression of a stable condition (27 percent of plans).
• Genetic testing, except as required by law (15 percent).
• Fetal reduction surgery, which is sometimes recommended when a woman is carrying multiple fetuses, to protect the woman’s health or improve the odds a pregnancy will be successful (14 percent).
• Treatment for self-inflicted conditions, such as a suicide attempt or eating disorder (11 percent).
• Preventive services not required by law (10 percent).

“We wanted to highlight issues that would have a particular impact on women as well as show how broad some of the exclusions are,” said Dania Palanker, who co-authored the study and is now an assistant research professor at Georgetown University’s Center on Health Insurance Reforms.

It’s not uncommon for women who have a family history of breast or ovarian cancer to run into this type of road block when they need genetic testing or preventive services, said Lisa Schlager, vice president of community affairs and public policy at Force, an advocacy group for people affected by hereditary breast, ovarian and related cancers.

The health law requires insurers to cover services that are recommended by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, an independent panel of medical experts, without requiring consumers to pay anything out of pocket. The task force recommends that women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancers receive genetic counseling and, if necessary, testing for a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes that are known to increase the risk of developing those cancers.

However, insurers aren’t required to cover testing for the 40 or so other genetic mutations that are also recognized as increasing women’s risk of breast or ovarian cancer, Schlager said, and many don’t.

http://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-care/hidden-plan-exclusions-may-leave-gaps-women-s-care-n632161

Connie’s comments: We must be vigilant and proactive to ask our health insurance companies what is our right as consumers. I asked my insurance company before to pay for my nurse midwife since they only covered one third of the cost of homebirth. I argued that I saved them $3000 by having a homebirth with a CNM. So the next day, they mailed the remaining balance, paying 100% of the $2700 homebirth expense.