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Breast Cancer genes

Molecular Profiling of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide, accounting for 23% (1.38 million) of the total new cancer cases and 14% (458,400) of the total cancer deaths in 2008 (Jemal et al. 2011; Jemal, Siegel, and Ward 2010). In the U.S., 249,260 new cases and 40,890 deaths are estimated for 2016 (ACS 2016). Traditionally, treatment decisions have been based on tumor histology and the status of three main biomarkers: ER (estrogen receptor 1, or ESR1), PR (progesterone receptor, or PGR), and HER2 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2, or ERBB2, also known as neu). Despite significant improvements in the treatment of breast cancer, new therapies and treatment strategies are needed.

Hormone Signaling Pathway

ESR1

PGR

AR

PI3K/AKT1/MTOR Pathway

AKT1

PIK3CA

PTEN

Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/Growth Factor Signaling Pathway

ERBB2 (HER2/neu)

FGFR1

FGFR2

Cell Cycle Control/DNA Damage

CCND1 (Cyclin D1)

  • Cyclin D1 amplification

CDK4

  • CDK4 alterations

CDK6

  • CDK6 alterations

RB1

  • RB1 alterations

TP53

  • TP53 alterations

 

Contributors: Justin M. Balko, Pharm. D., Ph.D., Ingrid A. Mayer, M.D., M.S.C.I., Mia Levy, M.D., Ph.D., Carlos L. Arteaga, M.D.

Suggested Citation: Balko, J., I. Mayer, M. Levy, C. Arteaga. 2016. Molecular Profiling of Breast Cancer. My Cancer Genome https://www.mycancergenome.org/content/disease/breast-cancer/ (Updated January 26).

Last Updated: January 26, 2016

Disclaimer: The information presented at MyCancerGenome.org is compiled from sources believed to be reliable. Extensive efforts have been made to make this information as accurate and as up-to-date as possible. However, the accuracy and completeness of this information cannot be guaranteed. Despite our best efforts, this information may contain typographical errors and omissions. The contents are to be used only as a guide, and health care providers should employ sound clinical judgment in interpreting this information for individual patient care.

Published by connie dello buono

Connie Dello Buono is based in Sunnyvale California. Her first ebook is about women's health, Birthing Ways Healing Ways and her recent one is about cancer prevention, Curated Healing Ways. She had helped women have holistic childbirth as childbirth educator, founded Motherhealth, to serve seniors in the bay area with holistic caregivers and blogs at www.clubalthea.com with more than 10,000 health and finance related posts. Connie trains her own caregivers, which are the favorites of most bay area seniors who are home bound and alone. She is active in the rehab and nursing facilities, volunteering on music and movement for seniors. She is a member of Lion's club and offered scholarships to students in the Philippines. She is active at churchinsunnyvale.us and has Fridays Bible home study in Sunnyvale using the recovery version of the Bible , free at biblesforamerica.us She loves dancing and teaching and her courses can be found at https://teachclub.com/@thriveafter60 She is California Life Insurance licensed providing life insurance for older adults with health issues and helping women retire safely with income for life. at menloassetca.com , she helps with 401k rollover. 3 Benefit plans - Mortgage protection using term life insurance to pay for mortgage balance in event of death - Final Expense plan using Single Issue Whole Life Insurance, with cash back, disability benefit and guaranteed in the presence of health issues - Fixed Index Annuity retirement plan for safe, accessibility, less fees, less taxes, avoids probate as it goes directly to beneficiaries, rate of return with no downside market participation. She brings compassion and understanding to the needs of her clients, bringing holistic approach in health and life insurance. Her goal is to free families from worries especially during covid with caregivers and life insurance in the presence of health issues, especially for women. She can be reached at 408-854-1883 , motherhealth@gmail.com

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