How to Improve Digestion and Stop Gas from Dr B Kim
Maintain a permanent and consistent employment/small business in shaky economy
How do you avoid being in debt? How can you live in the bay area with the changing economy where half of the workers are contract-temp workers.
Many workers in the bay area work two jobs to prepare for any changes in work or the economy. This way, one can avoid debts or collectors. Those who are burdened with high cost of mortgage, babysitting costs, car payments and other bills are extra careful by creating other avenues of income generation.
Some became landlords, and self-employed. Some retired grandpas became babysitters to help their children who are working two jobs to pay bills. Some 70plus are still working odd jobs like caregiving and maintenance work.
What is your story to keep up with the changing economy in the bay area?
Please email your story to motherhealth@gmail.com
Breast cancer rate among night shift workers, a study
Light is known to be a potent stimulus for regulating the pineal gland’s production of melatonin and the broader circadian system in humans (11,40–,42). Light not only suppresses nocturnal melatonin secretion but also does so in a characteristic dose–response manner: the brighter the photic stimulus, the greater the suppression of nocturnal melatonin (40). A recent observation among 10 935 visually impaired women (43)underlines a dose-related relationship between visible light and breast cancer risk. The investigators found SIRs for breast cancer of 1.05 (95% CI = 0.84 to 1.3), 0.96 (95% CI = 0.59 to 1.46), 0.79 (95% CI = 0.44 to 1.29), 0.66 (95% CI = 0.24 to 1.44), and 0.47 (95% CI = 0.01 to 2.63) among women with moderate low vision, severe low vision, profound low vision, near-total blindness, and total blindness, respectively. Our own data did not provide sufficient information on intensity of light exposure during night work, but future epidemiologic investigations could define such dose–response estimates in humans.
Several mechanisms have been hypothesized to explain the association of decreased melatonin levels and increased cancer risk. Although the presence of specific melatonin membrane receptors, MT1 (a high-affinity receptor) and MT2 (a low-affinity receptor), has been demonstrated for some time (44, ,45), nuclear receptors also have been found (RZR α [retinoid Z receptor α] and RZR β [retinoid Z receptor β]). Only recently, an attempt was successfully undertaken to clarify whether melatonin is able to influence MCF-7 cell proliferation by modulating cell cycle kinetics in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in vitro (3). Melatonin increases the expression of p53. A receptor interaction with RZR nuclear melatonin receptors may cause an arrest of MCF-7 cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle pathway that is mediated by the p53 pathway. Such receptor-mediated effects on hormone-dependent cancers had been proposed before, yet these are the first important steps toward clarification. As a potential free-radical scavenger, melatonin may also protect against cancer by shielding DNA from oxidative damage (46). Other recent work(23) suggests that melatonin acts as an immune-modulating agent, since it affects thymic endocrine activity and interleukin 2 by means of metabolic zinc pool turnover in mice. Finally, disturbances in sleep rhythm can directly promote chemically induced liver carcinogenesis in rodents (16). This is the first rodent model in which light-induced circadian clock suppression directly exerted a cancer-promoting effect on the liver.
The results from our study are compatible with a possible oncogenic effect of nighttime light exposure through the melatonin pathway. Although we did not validate self-reported duration of rotating nightshifts, it is likely that our results are accurate, because other self-reports have been highly accurate in this cohort (47), and previous validations of similar questions (e.g., electric blanket use) (48) have shown reasonable reproducibility. Moreover, the prospective design of our study eliminates recall bias. On the other hand, assessment of exposure status with regard to working on rotating night shifts can only be a rough estimate, and misclassification is likely to occur. Since there are more than two comparison groups, even random misclassification may bias the study results in any direction (49). We are concerned that the way we asked for lifetime night work on the 1988 questionnaire may have misled some of the nurses. In the United States, a substantial portion of nurses worked on permanent nightshifts during the period of our investigation (50). These nurses may not have classified themselves as working on rotating shifts, but instead as never-rotating workers, because they may have perceived permanent night work as nonrotating, as opposed to rotating night work. Measurements of melatonin profiles in night workers follow an unidentifiable rhythm and show great variability in the timing of melatonin secretion, thus suggesting that no uniform adaptation of the melatonin rhythm can be achieved in permanent night shift work (51, ,52). Because permanent night workers do not completely entrain to their circadian shift rhythm (53), the average serum melatonin levels among these women would be lower than those of never workers. According to the “melatonin hypothesis,” which states that certain aspects of modern life, such as light at night, may increase breast cancer risk (12, ,54), the permanent night worker would, therefore, be at higher breast cancer risk than a never worker. However, rotating shift workers would still remain at the highest overall risk, because they cannot entrain to their circadian shift rhythm at all and, therefore, would have the lowest melatonin levels. Thus, such misclassification would bias our results toward the null.
Reports about a reduction of plasma melatonin concentration as a general characteristic of healthy aging are conflicting (4, 8, 55, ,56). We controlled for age in various ways, but our results did not change substantially in any of these analyses.
Another potential limitation in our study is that women who work more frequently on night shifts may differ from women who do not in a way that influences risk of breast cancer for which we were not able to control. Even though we controlled for known potential confounding factors, there may still be uncontrolled confounding, such as hormone levels, stress, or other differences in lifestyle. Yet whether to treat factors, such as hormone levels or stress, as confounding factors or rather as intermediate factors that represent a step in the causal chain between exposure and disease would need to be considered.
In conclusion, working on rotating night shifts was associated with a moderately increased breast cancer risk among the female nurses in our cohort. The findings from our study, in combination with the results of earlier work, reduce the likelihood that this association is solely due to chance. Since breast cancer constitutes a huge disease burden in the United States and since a substantial portion of workers engage in shiftwork, it will be necessary to further explore the relationship between light exposure and cancer risk through the melatonin pathway.
http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/20/1563.full
———
Researchers at the University of Quebec and the Centre INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier looked at whether working the night shift raised the risk of different cancers in men. Their analysis was based on 3,137 men who had had cancer at one of 11 different sites on their bodies, as well as 512 controls who didn’t have cancer.
Researchers found specifically that working the night shift is linked with a 2.77 times higher risk of prostate cancer, as well as a 1.76 times higher risk of lung cancer, a 2.03 times higher risk of colon cancer, a 1.74 times higher risk of bladder cancer, a 1.31 times higher risk for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, a 20.9 times higher risk for rectal cancer and a 2.27 times higher risk for pancreatic cancer.
34-49yrs old, Generation X, challenges in retirement and income
Generation X group did not have the helicopter parents like the millennials,” explains Taylor. “And today, they have had to deal with many economic circumstances that makes them less optimistic than the baby boomers and the millennials….Taking care of their children, their aging parents, paying off their student debt, their children’s student debt. So, economically, they’re having a very stressful life.”
Still, Taylor points out, the overwhelming optimism that millennials have may be in part due to age. But, he says, only time will tell.
“Generation X is interesting because it’s the first generation where there is less social mobility. No longer are people thinking things will get better. There is less optimism, “ says Taylor.
There’s a good reason for that.
“In the last 15 years, growth has flatlined in the U.S.,” Taylor says. “From the 1940s to the 1970s, the standard of living kept increasing. But now people aren’t sure whether or not they will do better than their parents.”
Elliott says it’s too early to say whether wealth loss is a new pattern among generations (baby boomers do have more debt than their parents). But that it’s certainly something to keep an eye on.
“When it comes to wealth building and income,” she says, “Generation X is a group to look at to start seeing the larger changes that are happening in the economy.”
As for a silver lining, Taylor says this savvy and skeptical group does not care what others think of them. He also says that older households are much better off in terms of retirement. “And over time,” he says. “They are getting help, with more people looking after grandkids and giving other resources… and ultimately, that wealth [from their parents] will filter down.”
————-
We are hiring Generation X in 50 US states, call 408-854-1883 . Be an agency owner in the area of financial service. No capital or experience needed. Email your resume and availability to motherhealth@gmail.com
Frugal habits of those who retired rich
Frugal habits of those who retired rich
Frugal Habits
Hinchliffe: There’s lots of things that I wanted but not a lot of things that I needed. If you bought a used car, it did the same thing for you [as a new car] and you saved yourself quite a bit over a period of time. Another thing we used to do is vacations, we would go with friends rather than buy a big place and go by ourselves. We would go with other couples and split the bill and that helped out a lot.
Nordman: My wife and I have a lot of frugal habits that I think tended to make us big savers. We planted a lot of the yard with fruit trees, and so we have fruit year-round. We get crops all year here in Hawaii, and so we can grow some of our own fruit. And we also compost and use things around the house. By buying from Craigslist and Goodwill you’re effectively recycling possessions that other people don’t want anymore, and you’re getting them for yourself at a much cheaper price than if you bought them new.
Advice
Hinchliffe: My advice to someone young today is to stay on course with their investing aims. It’s like a boat. You set a course. You go from one spot to another. If you get off course, needless to say you don’t know where you’re going to end up. If you have a good plan and you follow it, I think that you’ll find that you’ll succeed and your investing will definitely pay you a huge dividend.
Nordman: Track your spending for a couple of months and see where your money goes. Don’t try to cut back, don’t try to change anything just track your expenses and see where you’re spending your money. Then you will figure out where you want to cut back, and you won’t feel like you’re depriving yourself or making yourself miserable.
How to best tap your savings during retirement
What formula works best? Should you include annuities in the mix? Yes annuities should be included in the mix since some annuities with NLG/LSW has a total return after ten years of 9% with guaranteed of 2.5% depending on company quarterly data.
If most people are comfortable putting money in savings accounts where they get less than 1% Taxable, they will get much better advantage getting S&P500 rate that is Tax Deferred!
And as we age, we wanted no market risk, tax-free, long term investment and also a savings plan that we can tap into during emergency and for any health threats such as cancer, stroke or disability using the Index Universal Life policy with full living benefits (terminal, critical, chronic illness riders added at no cost with NLG/LSW).
Still some of us would love real estate, stocks, bonds, and other ways of investments.
We can diversify and allocate our assets in a way that returns are higher, safe, tax free or deferred, allocated into exempt assets to be qualified for MediCal and be protected under residence trusts.
We should use our money with low returns first such as the CD or better yet reallocate this idle money, money with low returns to indexed annuities or index UL with returns from 8-13%. Contact Connie.
Call Connie Dello Buono 408-854-1883 motherhealth@gmail.com CA Life Lic 0G60621 to reallocate idle money and have a higher return for your lifetime tax free retirement savings/income.
What your poop tells you about your health
ABCs of Poop
Bowel movements are the end result of your body taking the nutrients it needs from the food you eat and eliminating what’s left.
“Bowel movements are important for your health because they are the body’s natural way of excreting waste from the body,” says Eric Esrailian, MD, section head in general gastroenterology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA.
When it comes to frequency, color, shape, and size, a general rule of thumb is that normal bowel movements are defined as what’s comfortable for you. But being knowledgeable about your digestive process can help you identify when normal goes awry.
Frequency: “There is no normal when it comes to frequency of bowel movements, only averages” says Bernard Aserkoff, MD, a doctor in the GI Unit at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.
It’s average to go once or twice a day, he says, but many people go more, and some go less — maybe every other day, and or as infrequently as once or twice a week. As long as you feel comfortable, you don’t need to give your BMs much thought.
Color: “Bowel movements are generally brown in color because of bile, which is produced in the liver and important to the digestion process,” Aserkoff tells WebMD.
The food you eat typically takes three days from the time you eat it until it finishes its journey in your toilet, Aserkoff says. If it takes a shorter time, the result may be greener stool because green is one of the first colors in the rainbow of the digestive process.
Color can be a red flag when it’s a drastic change, Aserkoff says.
“If stool is black, it can mean that you are bleeding internally, possibly as a result of an ulcer or cancer,” he says. Stool that is black due to bleeding is also “sticky” (tarry) and smells bad. However, black stools are common when taking a vitamin that contains iron or medications that contain bismuth subsalicylate.
Stool that is light in color — like grey clay — can also mean trouble if it’s a change from what you normally see. Although it doesn’t happen often, very light-colored stool can indicate a block in the flow of bile or liver disease.
Size and shape: “We used to believe that size was indicative of a problem if the stool was ‘pencil-thin,’” Aserkoff says. “But recent research indicates that this is actually not true.”
Size and shape are irrelevant, Aserkoff says, if what’s coming out is normal for you.
Odor: Bowel movements usually smell. But is it normal if your trips to the bathroom mean that the rest of the family has to avoid that part of the house for an hour or two?
The answer is yes. It’s normal, and probably a good sign that your gut is abundant with bacteria that is working hard to keep you healthy.
Your intestines are swarming with trillions upon trillions of bacteria that enhance digestive and metabolic processes. They are also the reason why poop smells — a direct result of the bacterial activity in your GI tract. So although it’s no bed of roses, it is normal for your bowel movements to stink.
Poop Problems
So what happens when your poop process gets out of whack? The first sign that your intestines aren’t up to par is a shift from your normal GI routine, and as a result, discomfort below the waist.
Constipation and Diarrhea
Constipation is a concern when you normally have a bowel movement once or twice a day, and that changes — maybe you haven’t gone in three days, or more. However long it’s been, you now feel gassy, bloated, and generally uncomfortable. When you try to go, you have to push and strain, and what comes out is a whole lot of nothin’.
Constipation can have many causes. It might be that you’ve had a shift in your diet, such as a drop in fiber intake, or maybe because you’re not drinking enough water each day, or because your physical activity level has decreased, slowing your metabolic processes down, including digestion. Certain medications (such as narcotic pain medicines and iron supplements) can also cause constipation problems.
Although constipation causes one set of problems, diarrhea can also mean digestive disaster. Whether it’s caused by a meal that just didn’t sit right, or a harmful bacterium or virus, it’s categorized by loose stool, and another hallmark of GI trouble — discomfort.
“Diarrhea can be caused by any number of factors,” Aserkoff says. “But the problem with diarrhea, in addition to the obvious, is that it can cause other health problems, like dehydration, if you’re living with it for more than two or three days.”
Generally, you recoup from a bout of diarrhea or constipation in a day or two, Aserkoff says. If not, it’s probably worth a trip to the doctor for further GI troubleshooting.
Blood in the Stool
“One of the most significant warning signs when it comes to bowel movements is blood in the stool,” Esrailian says.
Blood in your stool could be a symptom of something as significant as cancer and warrants a call to your doctor right away — even if you think it could be hemorrhoids, or tiny tears in the anal tissue, as a result of constipation and straining, he says. If you’re over 50, or if you have a family history of colorectal cancer, a colonoscopy is probably in order.
Other warning signs to watch for when your bowel movements have taken a turn for the worse are fever, abdominal pain, or dehydration — any one of which could be tied to GI trouble, such as a virus, appendicitis, or food poisoning.
Tricks to keeping your poop on track are simple ones: a healthy diet high in fiber, lots of water, and regular exercise.
“Generally, 20-25 grams of dietary fiber per day is recommended, and for many people, you get this much in a healthy diet,” Esrailian says. “If you are having infrequent bowel movements and are experiencing discomfort, then the first easy way to correct it is to increase dietary fiber through food, supplement, or both.”
High-fiber powerhouse foods are whole-grain cereals and breads, fresh vegetables and fruit, and nuts. Usually, a day or two of a fiber-focused diet will put your trips to the bathroom back on track.
Proper hydration is also key for your colon, ensuring you have enough fluid in your body to move stool through the digestive track and out the other end on a regular basis, Esrailian says.
Exercise is also beneficial for your bowels. It helps improve GI “motility,” he says, and can often alleviate constipation by improving your metabolic and digestive processes.
Overall, normal is a pretty easy mark to make when it comes to your bowel movements, both experts say, and aside from the warning signs they offered, what goes in one end usually comes out the other with minimal problems along the way.
—————
Connie’s comments: Many seniors in a care home or nursing home facility are constipated due to their health conditions, medications and past lifestyles (poor nutrition, lack of exercise and other contributing factors). Those with some serious health conditions have smelly poop. Those who are always constipation have vascular problems, AD and other chronic health issues.
Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers
Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers
Rumi wrote “Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers within yourself that you have built against it.”
Relationships have changed more in the past 30 years than they did in the past 3,000. That shift has left many of us confused, wounded and worried about the possibility of love in our relationships.
The result of this ‘confusion’ has been a divorce rate that has soared to above 50% for the last 50 years. In the dating world, hurt and heartache have become the norm for many people. Research suggests that 50% of the population are either afraid and therefore avoid commitments with love, or else are deeply scared and anxious that love will keep ‘leaving’ them. I understand the fear that comes with love and relationships. I’ve been there. But there are proven ways to get safe with love. The only question is, are you ready to be safe to love again?
Today, ‘love’ has become something of a ‘boogie man’ for many people. The boogie man for our generation is no longer the thing in the closet or the monster we saw at the movies as children. These days, the boogie man for many adults is love. We are scared to death of love and mortified of its commitments. We need a calming voice to show us our fears are hardly the truth. That ‘closet’ which scares us is not what we think it is. Simply put, love is not the ‘boogie man’ we feel, think or fear it to be. We can find ways to get our minds and souls safe with love.
What’s stopping you with love?
If you are single, maybe you want to find a committed relationship but just don’t know how to get started. Maybe, you are so unsure of ‘relationships’ that beginning to date again feels overwhelming or just plain dangerous. Or perhaps, you are so jaded that some part of you just feels safer being lonely and single.
If you are in a relationship, maybe you have given up on feeling passionate again. Maybe you are thinking of leaving or divorcing because the relationship feels like a hamster wheel of hurt. Maybe you are a natural ‘runner’ but you know, you need to learn how to stay. Or perhaps, you secretly want to experience the soul mate relationship of your dreams but find yourself ‘settling’ for far less. You would like to change all this, but don’t know where or how to start.
Some people have gone to relationship seminar after seminar, and done coaching until they are blue in the face. Yet some part still sabotages things or simply won’t go with the program. You might want to be in a great relationship, but strongly suspect that some part of you does not. Maybe this is you. So, what’s getting in the way with you actually finding true and lasting love?
How committed are you to creating a lasting love in your life?
This is the crucial thing. Love is a choice. It may be accompanied by feelings, but it always boils down to our choices. To make better choices with love, sometimes you just need a trusted guide to help you find your way.
Can you imagine how great it will feel when you wake up next to the love of your life, and everyday is filled with the support and the amazing feeling of being really loved? Or, working it out with your partner and finding a true soul mate beside you? This is what being safe to love again is all about. There is a way to get our brains, hearts and souls safe with love again.
When will you let now be the right time for you to have the love you deserve?
Yes, you can wait for ‘something’ to change. Or, you can begin to choose to create a new relationship with love. Why waste any more years having less than your birthright when it comes to a safe and fulfilling love? You can have the love you deserve and keep it as well! When you know that your soul mate is waiting for you and you are ready to take the first step on that path.
———
Send in your stories on how you found your soul mate to motherhealth@gmail.com
My coworker, Justin, found his soul mate in college. And he said to himself, I want to be with this woman for the rest of my life. Now, he changed his last name to her last name since she would not change her last name to his after the wedding.
Examples of Mobile Apps For Which the FDA Will Exercise Enforcement Discretion
Examples of Mobile Apps For Which the FDA Will Exercise Enforcement Discretion
This list provides examples of mobile apps that MAY meet the definition of medical device but for which FDA intends to exercise enforcement discretion. These mobile apps may be intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease. Even though these mobile apps MAY meet the definition of medical device, FDA intends to exercise enforcement discretion for these mobile apps because they pose lower risk to the public.
The FDA understands that there may be other unique and innovative mobile apps that may not be covered in this list that may also constitute healthcare related mobile apps. This list is not exhaustive; it is only intended to provide clarity and assistance in identifying the mobile apps that will not be subject to regulatory requirements at this time.
Appendix B in the guidance includes examples of mobile apps for which the FDA intends to exercise enforcement discretion at the time the guidance was finalized. As part of FDA’s ongoing effort to provide clarity to mobile app manufacturers this page includes all examples in Appendix B as well as updates with additional examples.
- Mobile apps that help patients with diagnosed psychiatric conditions (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder) maintain their behavioral coping skills by providing a “Skill of the Day” behavioral technique or audio messages that the user can access when experiencing increased anxiety;
- Mobile apps that provide periodic educational information, reminders, or motivational guidance to smokers trying to quit, patients recovering from addiction, or pregnant women;
- Mobile apps that use GPS location information to alert asthmatics of environmental conditions that may cause asthma symptoms or alert an addiction patient (substance abusers) when near a pre-identified, high-risk location;
- Mobile apps that use video and video games to motivate patients to do their physical therapy exercises at home;
- Mobile apps that prompt a user to enter which herb and drug they would like to take concurrently and provide information about whether interactions have been seen in the literature and a summary of what type of interaction was reported;
- Mobile apps that help asthmatics track inhaler usage, asthma episodes experienced, location of user at the time of an attack, or environmental triggers of asthma attacks;
- Mobile apps that prompt the user to manually enter symptomatic, behavioral or environmental information, the specifics of which are pre-defined by a health care provider, and store the information for later review;
- Mobile apps that use patient characteristics such as age, sex, and behavioral risk factors to provide patient-specific screening, counseling and preventive recommendations from well-known and established authorities;
- Mobile apps that use a checklist of common signs and symptoms to provide a list of possible medical conditions and advice on when to consult a health care provider;
- Mobile apps that guide a user through a questionnaire of signs and symptoms to provide a recommendation for the type of health care facility most appropriate to their needs;
- Mobile apps that record the clinical conversation a clinician has with a patient and sends it (or a link) to the patient to access after the visit;
- Mobile apps that are intended to allow a user to initiate a pre-specified nurse call or emergency call using broadband or cellular phone technology;
- Mobile apps that enable a patient or caregiver to create and send an alert or general emergency notification to first responders;
- Mobile apps that keep track of medications and provide user-configured reminders for improved medication adherence;
- Mobile apps that provide patients a portal into their own health information, such as access to information captured during a previous clinical visit or historical trending and comparison of vital signs (e.g., body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, or respiratory rate);
- Mobile apps that aggregate and display trends in personal health incidents (e.g., hospitalization rates or alert notification rates);
- Mobile apps that allow a user to collect (electronically or manually entered) blood pressure data and share this data through e-mail, track and trend it, or upload it to a personal or electronic health record;
- Mobile apps that provide oral health reminders or tracking tools for users with gum disease;
- Mobile apps that provide prediabetes patients with guidance or tools to help them develop better eating habits or increase physical activity;
- Mobile apps that display, at opportune times, images or other messages for a substance abuser who wants to stop addictive behavior;
- Mobile apps1 that are intended for individuals to log, record, track, evaluate, or make decisions or behavioral suggestions related to developing or maintaining general fitness, health or wellness, such as those that:
- Provide tools to promote or encourage healthy eating, exercise, weight loss or other activities generally related to a healthy lifestyle or wellness;
- Provide dietary logs, calorie counters or make dietary suggestions;
- Provide meal planners and recipes;
- Track general daily activities or make exercise or posture suggestions;
- Track a normal baby’s sleeping and feeding habits;
- Actively monitor and trend exercise activity;
- Help healthy people track the quantity or quality of their normal sleep patterns;
- Provide and track scores from mind-challenging games or generic “brain age” tests;
- Provide daily motivational tips (e.g., via text or other types of messaging) to reduce stress and promote a positive mental outlook;
- Use social gaming to encourage healthy lifestyle habits;
- Calculate calories burned in a workout.
- Mobile apps for providers that help track or manage patient immunizations by assessing the need for immunization, consent form, and immunization lot number [Added March 12, 2014];
- Mobile apps that provide drug-drug interactions and relevant safety information (side effects, drug interactions, active ingredient) as a report based on demographic data (age, gender), clinical information (current diagnosis), and current medications [Added March 12, 2014];
- Mobile apps that enable, during an encounter, a health care provider to access their patient’s personal health record (health information) that is either hosted on a web-based or other platform [Added March 12, 2014];
- Mobile apps that allows a user to collect, log, track and trend data such as blood glucose, blood pressure, heart rate, weight or other data from a device to eventually share with a heath care provider, or upload it to an online (cloud) database, personal or electronic health record. [Added June 11, 2014].
1 When these items are not marketed, promoted or intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or do not otherwise meet the definition of medical device, FDA does not regulate them. When they are marketed, promoted or intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or otherwise meet the definition of medical device, FDA intends to exercise enforcement discretion.