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How sodium controls opioid brain signaling

SCIENTISTS SOLVE 40-YEAR MYSTERY OF HOW SODIUM CONTROLS OPIOID BRAIN SIGNALING

Researchers discover how sodium influences the signalling of opioid receptors. READ MORE…

Low dose exposure to organochlorine pesticides linked o cognitive impairment

Cabbage family has chlorine for brain and stomach cleansing

CABBAGE.JPGCHLORINE – A FEMALE, OXIDIZING AGENT ELEMENT

by Dr. Lawrence Wilson

Chlorine is a light element and a very important one for fluid balance, production of HCl in the stomach, and the operation of the pituitary gland, as well.  It has a valence of +1.  However, chlorine in most forms is extremely toxic for the body.  It can cause heart disease, cancer, and symptoms such as vaginal dryness in women.  A complete nutritional balancing program is one of the few ways to remove a lot of toxic chlorine compounds from the body quickly.

Chlorine the messenger and purifier element

            Chlorine is an acid-forming, female element that relays messages to the body from hydrogen, the primordial element of the universe.  As such, one may call chlorine the messenger element.  Chlorine is also a cleanser and a purifying element, and this is also part of its messenger mission, one could say.

            Chlorine, a female element, and quite an advanced one, works closely with two important male elements, sodium and potassium.  When combined, it forms sodium chloride and potassium chloride, two important chemicals in our blood without which we cannot live.  These compounds help regulate the balance or amount of all the major fluids in the blood and, indeed, in the entire body.

 FOOD SOURCES OF AVAILABLE CHLORINE

 We obtain chlorine from most foods, and from water supplies.  Foods very high in chlorine are the cabbage family of vegetables – cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli and Brussels sprouts.  Also, the radish family, nightshade family (tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant and peppers), although I do not recommend these as they contain an irritating toxin called solanin.  Most leafy greens also contain a bioavailable form of chlorine.

            Oddly, salt and even sea salt which is very high in chlorine, is not a good source of bioavailable chlorine compounds.

INDUSTRIAL USES

Chlorine compounds are used to purify drinking water around the world.  It is most often used in the United States of America and parts of Asia and Europe.  Chlorine is excellent to kill many pathogenic bacteria, parasite eggs and other creatures that get into drinking water.  However, it is a very toxic way to purify water.  The chlorine is quite reactive and can combine with other minerals and especially pollutants in the water to form chemicals such as chloramines, which are highly toxic.

            Chlorine compounds are widely used in such products as bleaches, anesthetics such as chloroform, refrigerants, pesticides such as DDT, explosives, dyes, synthetic plastics, refining of gasoline, and in many other industries where it often forms quite toxic compounds, unfortunately.  Some of these persist in the environment such as DDT, a now-famous pesticide that helped eliminate yellow fever in Panama during the construction of the Panama Canal.

            Chlorine dioxide is sold as a germ-killer.  MMS or Miracle Mineral Supplement, is a chlorine compound.  It kills germs, but is also toxic and should not be used for more than a few days for this reason, as the toxicity builds up inside.  Many ‘oxygen’ supplements utilize chlorine as a transporter of oxygen.  These also tend to be a little toxic and are not as good for this reason as ozone or hydrogen peroxide as oxygen delivery systems.  Recall that chlorine is a messenger or delivery element.

Electrolyte and fluid imbalances – DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

            These are rare, as chlorine compounds are widely distributed in foods.  However, people who live on refined food diets might rarely  experience symptoms including blue lips and nails, twitches in the face area and elsewhere, and bone pain.  Other possible symptoms are ear, bladder, intestinal gas and irritability.  These are probably due to electrolyte and fluid imbalances that could result from a rare chlorine deficiency.  Since chlorine is in the drinking water, and is used to bleach wheat flour when it is refined into “white flour”, all of these are very rare.

EXCESS SYMPTOMS – Hypothyroidism and breathing issues

            Chronic toxicity.  This is far more common today in areas where chlorine is used to purify drinking water, and in industrial areas that are contaminated with chorine compounds.  The result is a drastic increase in heart disease and hypothyroidism.

            Hypothyroidism is caused by the replacement of iodine in the thyroid with chlorine, an element in the same family called the halogens.  Chlorine is one of the major iodine antagonists.

This is an enormous and serious problem today in all nations that use chlorine compounds to purify the water.  These compounds find their way into the drinking water supply, and contaminate the food as well.  This is one reason for widespread obesity, hypothyroidism, fatigue, depression and other problems.  Fortunately, nutritional balancing science can remove the chlorine (along with bromine and fluorine compounds that also cause the problem) from the thyroid gland and thus restore most people’s thyroid activity quite easily.  This is discussed in an article entitled Thyroid Imbalances and in the article entitled Iodine.

            Chlorine toxicity can also cause problems breathing, and affect all of the sensory organs – sight, hearing, and even touch.  It can affect memory, often by affecting thyroid activity.  The mind can also become disengaged or disconnected.  This is different than schizophrenia, though it could be considered a type of schizoid ailment in which one can believe one might “lose control of one’s mind” or a fear of going insane.  It is really a memory problem, not schizophrenia in the usual sense of the word, however.

            Other acute symptoms are heart palpitations, and nausea and vomiting.  An alkalizing agent may help, as the breathing problems caused by chlorine toxicity can make one too acidic.  Too much chlorine could cause an excess of gastric or stomach hydrochloric acid.  However, this is rare.

            Acute toxicity.  Other excess symptoms include chlorosis, a toxic poisoning with Chlorox and other chlorine compounds that can be fatal.  It occurs due to swallowing irritating chlorine compounds.  One can also be poisoned by chlorine gas, which is extremely irritating to the lungs.  It is one of the problems with chloroform, an anesthetic gas.

            Other problems due to chlorine are skin burns from bleaches, and the eyes are sensitive to chlorine poisoning as well by gases and liquids, especially, where they do a lot of damage.

CHLORINE SYNERGISTS

            The following substances increase the effectiveness of chlorine:  vitamins B2, B3, and vitamin C and minerals such as sodium (NaCl), potassium (KCl), hydrogen (HCl), and phosphorus.

What body systems are responsible for energy production?

Skeletal muscle is powered by one important compound; adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The body only stores small amounts of ATP in the muscles so it has to replace and resynthesize this energy compound on an ongoing basis. Understanding how it does this is the key to understanding energy systems.

There are 3 separate energy systems through which the body produces ATP. Describing each of these systems in detail goes beyond the aim of this article. Instead it is intended that the brief outlines provided will assist in describing the role of blood lactate during energy production for exercise, and how this knowledge can be used to help with training for improved endurance performance.

ENERGY SYSTEMS

The ATP-PCr system

This system produces energy during the first 5-8 seconds of exercise using ATP stored in the muscles and through the breakdown of phosphocreatine (PCr). This system can operate with or without the presence of oxygen but since it doesn’t rely on oxygen to work it is said to be anaerobic. When activity continues beyond this period the body relies on other ways to produce ATP.

The Glycolytic System

This system produces ATP through the breakdown of glucose in a series on enzymatic reactions. The end product of glycolysis is pyruvic acid. This either gets funneled through a process called the Kreb’s cycle (slow glycolysis) or gets converted into lactic acid (fast glycolysis). The fast glycolytic system produces energy more quickly than slow glycolysis but the end product of lactic acid can accumulate and is thought to lead to muscular fatigue. The contribution of the fast glycolytic energy system rapidly increases after the first 10 seconds and activity lasting up to 45 seconds is supplied by energy mainly from this system. Anything longer than this and there is a growing reliance on the Oxidative system.

The Oxidative system

This is where pyruvic acid from slow glycolysis is converted into a substance called acetyl coenzyme A rather than lactic acid. This substance is then used to produce ATP by funneling it through the Krebs cycle. As it is broken down it produces ATP but also leads to the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide. This can lead to the blood becoming more acidic. However, when oxygen is present it combines with the hydrogen molecules in series of reactions known as the electron transport chain to form water thus preventing acidification. This chain, which requires the presence oxygen, also leads to the production of ATP. The Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain also metabolise fat for ATP production but this again requires the presence of oxygen so that the fats can be broken down. More ATP can be liberated from the breakdown of fats but because of the increased oxygen demand exercise intensities must be reduced. This is also the most sustainable way of producing ATP.

It is important to remember that these systems are all constantly working to produce energy for all bodily functions and one system is never working exclusively over the others. When it comes to energy production for exercise one system will play a more dominant role (this will be dictated by the type of activity being performed) but all 3 systems will still be working to provide adequate amounts of ATP.

What is Blood Lactate?

It is through the Glycolytic System that the role and production of blood lactate becomes apparent. Recall the end product of glycolysis is pyruvic acid. When this is converted into lactic acid it quickly dissociates and releases hydrogen ions. The remaining compound then combines with sodium or potassium ions to form a salt called lactate. Far from being a waste product, the formation of lactate allows for the continued metabolism of glucose through glycolysis. As long as the clearance of lactate is matched by its production it becomes an important source of fuel.

Clearance of lactate from the blood can occur either through oxidation within the muscle fibre in which it was produced or it can be transported to other muscle fibres for oxidation. Lactate that is not oxidized in this way diffuses from the exercising muscle into the capillaries and it is transported via the blood to the liver. Lactate can then be converted to pyruvate in the presence of oxygen, which can then be converted into glucose. This glucose can either be metabolized by working muscles (as an additional substrate) or stored in the muscles as glycogen for later use. So lactate should be viewed as a useful form of potential energy. Lactic acid and lactate do not cause fatigue per se.

In fact, it is a common misinterpretation that blood lactate or even lactic acid has a direct negative effect on muscle performance. It is now generally accepted that any decrease in muscle performance associated with blood lactate accumulation is due to an increase in hydrogen ions, leading to an increased acidity of the inter-cellular environment. This acidosis is thought to have an unfavourable effect on muscle contraction, and contributes to a feeling of heavy or ‘jelly’ legs.

The term ‘accumulation’ is therefore the key, as an increased production of hydrogen ions (due to an increase production of lactic acid) will have no detrimental effect if clearance is just as fast. During low intensity exercise blood lactate levels will remain at near resting levels as clearance matches production. As exercise intensity increases there comes a break point where blood lactate levels will start to rise (production starts to exceed clearance). This is often referred to as the lactate threshold (LT). If exercise intensity continues to increase a second and often more obvious increase in lactate accumulation is seen. This is referred to as the lactate turn point (LTP).

How to have healthy blood flow to your heart?

blood flowI believe that a healthy blood flow to the heart starts with clean alkaline blood processed by a healthy liver free from toxins such as drugs, alcohol and toxic medications (narcotics).  Consumption of foods rich in nutrients such as folate, Vitamin C and B and L-arginine amino acid can prevent mitochondrial damage.  Example of foods rich in these nutrients are cage-free eggs, dairy products like cultured yogurtkefir and raw cheeses (choose organic and raw dairy whenever possible) Grass-fed beef or meat and pasture-raised poultry (including turkey and chicken) Liver and organ meats (such as chicken liver pate).

And the most important factors for a healthy heart are deep cleansing breath from calm mind, sleep, stress-free and healthy lifestyle with positive energies from sunshine, massage and grounding (walking barefoot on the beach or ground).

Connie


Sun, Earth and the Human Touch — 3 Key Principles for Healthy Blood Flow

Pollack has also clearly demonstrated there are three natural energies that result in separation of charges that create flow:

1.Sunlight charges up your blood vessels, which increases the flow of blood. When the sun’s rays penetrate your skin, it causes a massive increase of nitric oxide that acts as a vasodilator. As much as 60 percent of your blood can be shunted to the surface of your skin through the action of nitric oxide. This helps absorb solar radiation, which then causes the water in your blood to capture the energy and become structured.

This is a key component for a healthy heart. The ideal is to be exposed to the sun while grounding, meaning walking barefoot. This forms a biological circuit that makes it work even better.

2.Negative ions from the Earth, also known as earthing or grounding. This also charges up your blood vessels, creates a separation of charges, creates more positive ions and allows the blood to flow upward, against gravity.

3.The field effect or touch from another living being, such as laying on of hands.


Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is one of the family of mitochondrial cytopathies, which also include MERRF, and Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy.

Most people with MELAS have a buildup of lactic acid in their bodies, a condition called lactic acidosis. Increased acidity in the blood can lead to vomiting, abdominal pain, extreme tiredness (fatigue), muscle weakness, loss of bowel control, and difficulty breathing. Less commonly, people with MELAS may experience involuntary muscle spasms (myoclonus), impaired muscle coordination (ataxia), hearing loss, heart and kidney problems, diabetes, epilepsy, and hormonal imbalances.

MELAS is a condition that affects many of the body’s systems, particularly the brain and nervous system (encephalo-) and muscles (myopathy). In most cases, the signs and symptoms of this disorder appear in childhood following a period of normal development.[3]Early symptoms may include muscle weakness and pain, recurrent headaches, loss of appetite, vomiting, and seizures. Most affected individuals experience stroke-like episodes beginning before age 40. These episodes often involve temporary muscle weakness on one side of the body (hemiparesis), altered consciousness, vision abnormalities, seizures, and severe headaches resembling migraines. Repeated stroke-like episodes can progressively damage the brain, leading to vision loss, problems with movement, and a loss of intellectual function (dementia). The stroke-like episodes can be mis-diagnosed as epilepsy by a doctor not aware of the MELAS condition.

Patients are managed according to what areas of the body are affected at a particular time. Enzymesamino acidsantioxidants and vitamins have been used.

Also the following supplements may help:

  • CoQ10 has been helpful for some MELAS patients.[7] Nicotinamide has been used because complex l accepts electrons from NADH and ultimately transfers electrons to CoQ10.
  • Riboflavin has been reported to improve the function of a patient with complex l deficiency and the 3250T-C mutation.[8]
  • The administration of L-arginine during the acute and interictal periods may represent a potential new therapy for this syndrome to reduce brain damage due to impairment of vasodilation in intracerebral arteries due to nitric oxide depletion

Brain, emotion, sight and sound processing, concussion and Parkinson

children

DID HANS ASPERGER ACTIVELY ASSIST THE NAZI EUTHANASIA PROGRAM?

Researchers have investigated Hans Asperger’s Nazi era publications and have revealed he actively cooperated with the Nazi’s euthanasia program. The Kinder-Euthanasie (child euthanasia) program resulted in the murder of thousands of physically and mentally disabled children under Nazi rule. READ MORE…

Brain, opinions, flight, fight, pain, stress, dopamine and aging

people

HAVING AN AUDIENCE MAY HELP YOU PERFORM BETTER

According to researchers, when people are aware they are being observed, brain areas associated with social awareness and reward activate a part of the brain that affects motor control, helping them to perform better at skilled tasks. READ MORE…
dna

VARIANTS IN NON-CODING DNA CONTRIBUTE TO INHERITED AUTISM RISK

Researchers report newly identified risk factors differ from currently known genetic causes of autism. The variants identified do not alter the genes directly, but disrupt the neighboring DNA control elements that turn genes on or off. Additionally, the variants do not occur as new mutations in autistic children, but are inherited from parents. READ MORE…
face

ALGORITHM WORKS TO SILENCE ONLINE CHATROOM SEX PREDATORS

A new computer algorithm may help to identify sexual predators who target children in chatrooms. The algorithm, dubbed CATT, can identify language differences and self-disclosure in conversations to provide a risk assessment of potential predators, researchers report. READ MORE…

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Iron disorders , Vit B12, toxic drugs, and donating blood

Iron Disorders: The Importance of Checking Your Iron … – Dr. Mercola

Jun 12, 2016 – My dad has betathalassemia and he gave me the gene, which is a form of hemolytic anemia (similar to sickle cell anemia). As a result of that, my red blood cells die faster than normal, and I’m prone to excess iron. My dad had a ferritin level of 800 when I diagnosed him 20 years ago. He would be dead by …

Little-Known Secrets about Optimal Iron Levels – Dr. Mercola

Jul 14, 2009 – Acute blood loss; Other nutritional anemias, such as vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiencies; Cancer; Enlarged spleen; Genetic hemolytic anemias, such as sickle cell anemia, and thalassemia (also known as Mediterranean anemia), which I have. It’s a type of genetic anemia where the hemoglobin is not well …

Jun 5, 2013 – It was because he has betathalassemia. With regular phlebotomies, his iron levels normalized and now the only side effect he has is type 1 diabetes. The high iron levels damaged his pancreatic islet cells and now he has what is called “bronze” diabetes and so requires the use of insulin. I also inherited …

Why Managing Your Iron Level Is Crucial to Your Health – Dr. Mercola

May 31, 2017 – However, keep ALL iron supplements away from children, even carbonyl iron, and do not take any kind of iron supplement if you have hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis or hemolytic anemia such as sickle cell anemia or thalassemia (aka Mediterranean anemia, a type of genetic anemia where hemoglobin …

Missing: beta

How do You Know if You Are Anemic – Dr. Mercola

Jun 25, 2007 – Macrocytic anemia (macrocytic means large red blood cells) can be a sign of vitamin B-12 deficiency, and it may also be caused by folate deficiency. Folate deficiency is not common as it is in most raw vegetables, but some drugs (methotrexate and trimethoprim) and alcohol can cause it as can intolerance …

Conventional Heart Disease Advice May Make Matters … – Dr. Mercola

Aug 2, 2015 – On a side note, a novel point about coconut oil that many are unaware of is that for those of us, including myself, who suffer from a genetic condition called beta thalassemia — or chronic low cholesterol, which can be quite harmful — coconut oil can be used instead of drugs to raise your cholesterol.

Most Common Nutrient Deficiencies – Dr. Mercola

Oct 19, 2015 – It was because he has betathalassemia. With regular phlebotomies, his iron levels normalized, but the high iron levels damaged his pancreatic islet cells and now he has what is called “bronze” diabetes that requires the use of insulin. I inherited betathalassemia from him so I’m quite familiar with this issue …

Beginner Plan: Lifestyle Changes – Dr. Mercola

Over 20 years ago, through a simple test, I discovered that my dad had extremely high ferritin levels – close to 1,000 – due to a blood disorder called betathalassemia. If this had not been addressed, it would have been extremely fatal. Through regular phlebotomies, my dad’s iron levels have normalized, and the only side …

Understanding the Risks and Benefits of Beta-Blockers – Dr. Mercola

Aug 13, 2014 – Beta-blockers are drugs used in high blood pressure and congestive heart failure treatment, but now the ESC recommends it in non-cardiac surgery as well.

Missing: thalassemia

4 Unexpected Benefits of Donating Blood – Dr. Mercola

Jul 28, 2014 – I discovered he had a ferritin level close to 1,000. It was because he has betathalassemia. With regular phlebotomies, his iron levels normalized and now the only side effect he has is type 1 diabetes. His high iron levels damaged his pancreatic islet cells triggering what is called “bronze” diabetes, and so …

Vitamin B3, Leukemia, aging and cancer

Grass fed beef, bone marrow with veggie soup, peanuts and chicken are some of the food sources of Vitamin B3.  I take Vitamin Bs when I am under stress and these vitamins help me sleep too. Vitamin B3 is a natural product found in our blood. Will sunshine help clean our blood. There are many ways to have a healthy blood: exercise with sunshine, avoidance of alcohol, drugs and environmental toxins (metals,gas), whole foods, sleep, less stress and a positive spirit (calm not full of anxiety).

Connie

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a pyridinenucleoside form of vitamin B3 that functions as a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or NAD+.

NR was first described in 1944 as a growth factor, termed Factor V, for Haemophilus influenza, a bacterium that lives in and depends on blood. Factor V, purified from blood was shown to exist in three forms: NAD+, NMN and NR. NR was the compound that led to the most rapid growth of this bacterium.[5] Notably, H. influenza cannot grow on nicotinic acidnicotinamidetryptophan or aspartic acid, which were the previously known precursors of NAD+.[6]

In 2000, yeast Sir2 was shown to be an NAD+-dependent protein lysine deacetylase,[7] which led several groups to probe yeast NAD+ metabolism for genes and enzymes that might regulate lifespan. Biosynthesis of NAD+ in yeast was thought to flow exclusively through NAMN (nicotinic acid mononucleotide).[8][9][10][11][12]

When NAD+ synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) was deleted from yeast cells, NR permitted yeast cells to grow. Thus, these Dartmouth College investigators proceeded to clone yeast and human nicotinamide riboside kinases and demonstrate the conversion of NR to NMN by nicotinamide riboside kinases in vitro and in vivo. They also demonstrated that NR is a natural product, a little-noticed vitamin found in cow’s milk.[13][14]

In the 2010s. dietary supplements containing NR were brought to market by ChromaDex under the brand Niagen, which also originally provided NR to Elysium Health which uses NR as a component of its product, Basis.[15]

References

  1. Jump up^ Bogan, K.L., Brenner, C. (2008). “Nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and nicotinamide riboside: a molecular evaluation of NAD+ precursor vitamins in human nutrition”. Annu. Rev. Nutr28: 115–130. doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.28.061807.155443.
  2. Jump up^ Chi Y, Sauve AA (November 2013). “Nicotinamide riboside, a trace nutrient in foods, is a vitamin B3 with effects on energy metabolism and neuroprotection”. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care16 (6): 657–61. doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32836510c0PMID 24071780.
  3. Jump up to:a b c “Spherix/Chromadex GRAS submission” (PDF). March 8, 2016. See FDA GRAS index page: “GRAS Notice (GRN) No. 635”.
  4. Jump up^ “Nicotinamide Riboside”.
  5. Jump up^ Gingrich, W (1944). “Codehydrogenase I and other pyridinium compounds as V factor for Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae”. J. Bacteriol47: 535–550.
  6. Jump up^ Belenky, P. et. al. (2007). “NAD+ Metabolism in Health and Disease”. Trends in Biochemical Sciences32: 12–19. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2006.11.006PMID 17161604.
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